Indicator 5.4.1 Proportion of time spent on unpaid domestic and care work, by sex, age and location

Goal 5: Achieve gender equality and empower all women and girls

5.4 Recognize and value unpaid care and domestic work through the provision of public services, infrastructure and social protection policies and the promotion of shared responsibility within the household and the family as nationally appropriate.

5.4.1 Percentage of time spent on unpaid domestic and care work by sex

(SL_DOM_TSPDDC

29 April 2021

N/A

Lao Statistics Bureau

Lao Statistics Bureau

Mr.Vilaysook SISOULATH

Department of Social Statistics

Deputy Director General

+856 20 55 795 043

+856 21 214 740

N/A

vilaysooks@gmail.com

lstats@lsb.gov.la

Definition:

This indicator is defined as the proportion of time spent in a day on unpaid domestic and care work by men and women. Unpaid domestic and care work refers to activities related to the provision of services for own final use by household members, or by family members living in other households. These activities are listed in ICATUS 2016 under the major divisions “3. Unpaid domestic services for household and family members” and “4. Unpaid caregiving services for household and family members”.

Concepts:

Unpaid domestic and care work refers to activities including food preparation, dishwashing, cleaning and upkeep of the dwelling, laundry, ironing, gardening, caring for pets, shopping, installation, servicing and repair of personal and household goods, childcare, and care of the sick, elderly or disabled household and family members, among others. These activities are listed in ICATUS 2016 under the major divisions “3. Unpaid domestic services for household and family members” and “4. Unpaid caregiving services for household and family members”.

Concepts and definitions for this indicator are based on the following international standards:

• System of National Accounts 2008 (SNA 2008)
• The Resolution concerning statistics of work, employment and labour underutilization, adopted by the International Conference of Labour Statisticians (ICLS) at its 19th Session in 2013
• International Classification of Activities for Time Use Statistics 2016 (ICATUS 2016)

Relevant specific concepts are presented below:

• An activity is said to be productive or to fall within the “general production boundary” if it satisfies the third-person criterion (the activity can be delegated to another person and yield the same desired results).
• Productive activities can be further classified based on the ILO framework for work statistics (included in the 19^th ICLS resolution) into:

1. Own-use production work (activities to produce goods and services for own final use; the intended destination of the output is mainly for final use of the producer in the form of capital formation, or final consumption by household members or by family members living in other households; in the case of agricultural, fishing, hunting or gathering goods intended mainly for own consumption, a part or surplus may nevertheless be sold or bartered)
2. Employment (activities to produce goods or provide services for pay or profit)
3. Unpaid trainee work (any unpaid activity to produce goods or provide services for others, in order to acquire workplace experience or skills in a trade or profession)
4. Volunteer work (any unpaid, non-compulsory activity to produce goods or provide services for others)
5. Other forms of work

The own-use production work can be differentiated based on whether goods or services are produced.

Indicator 5.4.1 only considers the own-use production work of services, or in other words, the activities related to unpaid domestic services and unpaid caregiving services undertaken by households for their own use. These activities are listed in ICATUS 2016 under the major divisions “3. Unpaid domestic services for household and family members” and “4. Unpaid caregiving services for household and family members”.

As much as possible, statistics compiled by UNSD are based on the International Classification of Activities for Time Use Statistics 2016 (ICATUS 2016), which classifies activities undertaken by persons during the survey period. ICATUS 2016 was adopted by the United Nations Statistical Commission for use as an international statistical classification at its 48th session, 7-10 March 2017.

percent (%)

The Labor Force Survey 2017

The Labor Force Survey was implemented in Lao People’s Democratic Republic in 2017 (LFS 2017). It adopted the new concept of work, employment and labor underutilization that as recommended in the by the19th International Conference of Labor Statisticians (ICLS) in 2013.

Sampling

Sampling Procedure

The 2015 Census of Population and Housing was used as the sampling frame for LFS 2017 with a total population of 6,479,982 distributed into 1,197,926 households. The province of Savannakhet has the most population but Vientiane Capital has the most households. Population in Xaysomboun is lowest at 85,168, the province also has the lowest number of households at 14,316.

Two stage sampling was implemented, with selection of villages in the first stage and selection of households in the second stage.

• In the provincial domains, villages were selected using PPS (no need for stratification since there are fewer villages within each province).
• For household selection (second stage), sampling comprise of systematic selection of 20 households from the updated list of households from the 2015 Census. Provincial Domains target 10,800 sample households at 3% and 6% margin of errors.

Data collection period: Start: 2017, End: 2017

Type of interview: Face-to-Face

Every five years, next data collection will on in 2022

One year after the reference year, next release will be in 2023

Lao Statistics Bureau

Lao Statistics Bureau

Data collection, processing, dissemination and use of statistics for this indicator is in accordance with the Statistics Law 2017; the National Strategy for Sustainable Development of Statistical System (NSSDSS) 2016-2020; and the Vision for 2030.

Time use statistics have been used for: (1) provide a measure of quality of life or general wellbeing of individuals and households; (2) offer a more comprehensive measurement of all forms of work, including unpaid household service work; (3) produce data relevant for monitoring gender equality and the empowerment of women and girls and are essential inputs for the policy and political dialogue on gender equality.

Survey estimates come with levels of uncertainty due to both sampling error and non-sampling error (e.g. mesasurement technical error, recording error etc.,). Caveats and limitations inherent to survey data applies.

Data presented for this indicator are expressed as a proportion of time in a day. Weekly data is averaged over seven days of the week to obtain the daily average time.

Proportion of time spent on unpaid domestic and care work is calculated by dividing the daily average number of hours spent on unpaid domestic and care work by 24 hours.

Proportion of time spent on unpaid domestic and care work (Indicator 5.4.1) is calculated as:

If data on time spent are weekly, data are averaged over seven days of the week to obtain daily time spent.

Average number of hours spent on unpaid domestic and care work derives from time use statistics that is collected through stand-alone time-use surveys or a time-use module in multi-purpose household surveys.

Data on time-use may be summarized and presented as either (1) average time spent for participants (in a given activity) only or (2) average time spent for all population of a certain age (total relevant population). In the former type of averages, the total time spent by the individuals who performed an activity is divided by the number of persons who performed it (participants). In the latter type of averages, the total time is divided by the total relevant population (or a sub-group thereof), regardless of whether people performed the activity or not.

SDG indicator 5.4.1 is calculated based on the average number of hours spent on unpaid domestic and unpaid care work for the total relevant population. This type of measures can be used to compare groups and assess changes over time. Differences among groups or over time may be due to a difference (or change) in the proportion of those participating in the specific activity or a difference (or change) in the amount of time spent by participants, or both.

Standard data review and validation protocols were implemented from data collection, processing, calculation to finalization and publication of the results of the survey.

Likewise, consultation process with line ministries and partner agencies on the national data submitted for the SDGs Indicators were conducted prior to the publication of results.

Managing the quality of the indicator is guided by the Lao PDR Statistics Law of 2017 and in accordance with the recommendations of the UN Fundamental Principles of Official Statistics.

Several steps are taken to ensure quality of outputs produced

In general, the quality of the survey results is considered high given the quality management and standards implemented along with the high response rates for all age groups covered in the basic data source used for obtaining the value for this SDG indicator.

The Labor Force Survey has been conducted at five-year intervals since 2010. Hence, data are available for the years: 2010, 2015, and 2020)

Disaggregated by Location (urban/rural), sex and age group and characteristics of the labor force, employment , unemployment and other labor market characteristics of the population.

The labor force survey file:///C:/Users/BK/AppData/Local/Temp/5.Lao%20PDR%20Labor%20force%20Survey%202017.pdf

The UNSD SDG Indicators, Metadata repository https://unstats.un.org/sdgs/metadata/

Lao PDR Statistics Law, 2017
https://www.lsb.gov.la